Interviewing as Qualitative Research: A Guide for Researchers in Education and Social Sciences

Cover:

Contents:

Introduction: How I Came to Interviewing

1. Why Interview?

The Purpose of Interviewing
Interviewing: “The” Method or “A” Method?
Why Not Interview?
Conclusion
Note

2. A Structure for In-depth, Phenomenological Interviewing

The Three-Interview Series
Respect the Structure
Length of Interviews
Spacing of Interviews
Alternatives to the Structure and Process
Whose Meaning Is It? Validity and Reliability
Experience the Process Yourself

3. Proposing Research: From Mind to Paper to Action

Research Proposals as Rites of Passage
Commitment
From Thought to Language
What Is to Be Done?
Questions to Structure the Proposal
Rationale
Working with the Material
Piloting Your Work
Conclusion

4. Establishing Access to, Making Contact with, and Selecting Participants

The Perils of Easy Access
Access Through Formal Gatekeepers
Informal Gatekeepers
Access and Hierarchy
Making Contact
Make a Contact Visit in Person
Building the Participant Pool
Some Logistical Considerations
Selecting Participants
Snares to Avoid in the Selection Process
How Many Participants Are Enough?

5. The Path to Institutional Review Boards and Informed Consent

The Belmont Report
The Establishment of Local Institutional Review Boards
The Informed Consent Form
Eight Major Parts of Informed Consent

1. What, How Long, How, to What End, and for Whom?
2. Risks, Discomforts, and Vulnerability
3. Rights of the Participant
4. Possible Benefits
5. Confi dentiality of Records
6. Dissemination
7. Special Conditions for Children
8. Contact Information and Copies of the Form

The Complexities of Affi rming the IRB Review Process and Informed Consent

6. Technique Isn’t Everything, But It Is a Lot

Listen More, Talk Less
Follow Up on What the Participant Says
Listen More, Talk Less, and Ask Real Questions
Follow Up, but Don’t Interrupt
Two Favorite Approaches
Ask Participants to Reconstruct, Not to Remember
Keep Participants Focused and Ask for Concrete Details
Do Not Take the Ebbs and Flows of Interviewing
Too Personally
Limit Your Own Interaction
Explore Laughter
Follow Your Hunches
Use an Interview Guide Cautiously
Tolerate Silence
Conclusion

7. Interviewing as a Relationship

Interviewing as an “I–Thou” Relationship
Rapport
Social Group Identities and the Interviewing Relationship
Distinguish Among Private, Personal, and Public Experiences
Avoid a Therapeutic Relationship
Reciprocity
Equity

8. Analyzing, Interpreting, and Sharing Interview Material

Managing the Data
Keeping Interviewing and Analysis Separate: What to Do Between Interviews
Tape-Recording Interviews
Transcribing Interview Tapes
Studying, Reducing, and Analyzing the Text
Sharing Interview Data: Profi les and Themes
Making and Analyzing Thematic Connections
Interpreting the Material
Note

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